KEY TAKEAWAYS
- Our Five Forecasters are collectively indicating that further economic growth and stock market gains appear likely
- This economic cycle is about to turn 10 years old, but we see reasons it can continue.
- We take a look at market breadth and stock valuations.
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Our favorite leading indicators are signaling that futher economic growth and stock market gain may lie ahead. With the economic cycle celebrating a record tenth birthday this summer, the big question is how much longer can the expansion go? This week, we will look at our Five Forecasters for late-cycle warnings. Historically, these indicators—which are summarized in our Recession Watch Dashboard—have collectively signaled a transition to the later stages of the economic cycle and an increased potential of an oncoming recession and bear market.
In this week’s commentary we will examine market breadth and stock valuations. In our Weekly Economic Commentary and today’s Macro Market Movers Blog we will examine the other three forecasters.
MARKET BREADTH: HEALTHY
Market breadth, which we measure by the number of stocks advancing versus declining, gives us a sense of how broad and durable a rally may be. For example, if breadth begins to decline and diverge from the rise in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Composite Index and is followed by an overall decline in the Index (as it begins to succumb to the dwindling number of still-rising stocks), we’ve seen that the potential for a market downturn increases. (We use the NYSE Composite because of its many constituents.)
Looking back at historical data, we’ve found that market breadth tends to top out 6 to 12 months ahead of overall equity prices. The late 1990s provide a great example:
Technology was the only thing holding up the market before the weak technical underpinnings eventually led to a bear market.
FIVE FORECASTERS
Because every cycle is different, there is no magic formula for predicting recessions and bear markets. But we believe the Five Forecasters cover a variety of perspectives, including economic, market, fundamental, valuation, and technical/sentiment, to capture a more complete view of the economic and market environment. They are meant to be considered collectively, not individually.
Currently, the NYSE Composite Advance/Decline line shows no major warning signs [Figure 1] or any concerning divergences between equities and breadth that might suggest an imminent downturn.
VALUATIONS: REASONABLY PRICED
With stocks still up quite a bit this year (as of May 22), and throughout the entire more-than-10-yearold bull market, some of you may think stocks are expensive. We would argue they remain reasonably priced. The S&P 500 Index price-to-earnings ratio (PE) based on consensus earnings estimates (Source: FactSet) for the next 12 months stands at 16.4, slightly above the 25-year average of 16. The S&P 500’s PE against earnings for the previous 12 months is 18.3, slightly below the 25-year average of 18.7. We find these measures quite reasonable, especially given low inflation and low interest rates.
We can also gauge stock valuations by comparing stock market earnings with the earnings, or income, that bonds generate. We do this by comparing the earnings yield for the S&P 500 (S&P 500 earnings per share divided by the Index price level) with the yield on the 10-year Treasury bond. This statistic, referred to as the equity risk premium (ERP), has climbed to more than 3% currently. (It has averaged only 0.5% over the past six decades.) What does this tell us? That stocks are actually historically inexpensive relative to bonds. The best future returns for stocks have tended to come when the ERP has been over 2%, again suggesting stocks are reasonably priced and not overvalued. For more on ERP, please read our Lower Valuations Offer Long-Term Opportunity.
CONCLUSION
Despite its old age, we believe the 10-year-old bull market and nearly 10-year-old economic cycle may have quite a bit left in their tanks. We currently do not see warning signs from our favorite forecasting indicators that might signal the end of the economic cycle. However, we are not complacent. After one of the best ever starts to a year for stocks, we think a potential market correction is likely during the summer months. We continue to recommend adhering to your long-term investment plans and for suitable investors to consider using any further volatility as an opportunity to rebalance diversified portfolios back toward targeted asset allocations.
IMPORTANT DISCLOSURES
The opinions voiced in this material are for general information only and are not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual.
To determine which investment(s) may be appropriate for you, consult your financial advisor prior to investing. All performance referenced is historical and is no guarantee of future results.
The economic forecasts set forth in this material may not develop as predicted.
Investing involves risks including possible loss of principal. No investment strategy or risk management technique can guarantee return or eliminate risk in all market environments.
Rebalancing a portfolio may cause investors to incur tax liabilities and/or transaction costs and does not assure a profit or protect against a loss.
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All company names noted herein are for educational purposes only and not an indication of trading intent or a solicitation of their products or services. LPL Financial doesn’t provide research on individual equities.
DEFINITIONS
Earnings per share (EPS) is the portion of a company’s profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock. EPS serves as an indicator of a company’s profitability. Earnings per share is generally considered to be the single most important variable in determining a share’s price. It is also a major component used to calculate the price-to-earnings valuation ratio.
Forward price to earnings (Forward P/E) is a measure of the price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) using forecasted earnings for the P/E calculation.
INDEX DESCRIPTIONS
The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index is a capitalization-weighted index of 500 stocks designed to measure performance of the broad domestic economy through changes in the aggregate market value of 500 stocks representing all major industries. The modern design of the S&P 500 stock index was first launched in 1957.
Performance back to 1950 incorporates the performance of predecessor index, the S&P 90.
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